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    Antidote

    Combination with chemical fungicides and fungicidal seed treatment agents
    Combination with herbicides
    Combination with insecticides
    Combination with other biopesticides and plant growth regulators
    Combination with fertilizers
    Non toxicity for humans, animals and plants

     

    		 Untitled Document

    Combination with herbicides
    Cereals Potatoes Maize Flax Sunflower Sugar beet Grain crops Legumes Fodder crops Vegetables Horticultures and berries Vine Decorative and other cultures

    Materials of this chapter were also published in:
    • Zlotnikov, A.K., Sergeyev, V.R., Kudryavtsev,N.A., Dolgushkin, A.K., Zlotnikov, K.M. (2002) Albit increases effectiveness of herbicide applications. Zemledeliye, Nr.1, p. 34-36;
    • Gamuev, V.V. (2007) Albit as an safener at herbicide application. / Gamuev, V.V., Ryabchinskiy, A.K., Zlotnikov, A.K., Shulyakovskaya, L.N., Apasov, I.V.// Plant protection and quarantine, Nr. 7, p. 25-26
    Table 1. Antidote effect of Albit on different crops (the average yield increase provided by application of Albit with herbicides in comparison to that of pure herbicides)
    Crops Antidote effect, Antidote effect,
    centners/hectare %
    Buckwheat 6.8 82.6
    Maize 9 23.7
    Flax (straw) 4.4 11
    Onion 30 18
    Sunflower – 10
    Millet 5.4 41
    Winter wheat 6 16
    Spring wheat 1.2 11
    Canola 1.7 5
    Sugar beet 25.7 6.9
    Winter barley 9.4 18
    Spring barley 3.5 11.8
    Note: presented data are the arithmetic means of all tests on combinations of Albit with herbicides available in Albit Scientific and Industrial LLC
    (105 field trials during 2001-2007).

    In 1960, herbicides made up 20% of all used chemical pesticides with total value of 0.85 billions USD, in 1980 herbicides did 41% at the total expenses on chemical plant protection of 11.6 billions USD, after next 20 years, in 2000, herbicides took 52.1% of total expenses of 30.7 billions USD, and this tendency of growth appears to be stable. It is clear, that there is no serious alternative to application of herbicide to control weeds now. However, the most important problem of herbicide application is the selectivity of their action. Every agronomist knows, herbicides (regarding to their effectiveness) are the most unpredictable ones among all other groups of chemical pesticides (seed treatment agents, fungicides, insecticides, etc.). In biological point of view, crops and pathogenic fungi are considerably more different than crops and weeds. Control of weeds is based on hitting certain targets which are common for all plants (CoA–carboxilase, acetolactatsynthase, photosystems I and II, biosynthesis of caratinoids, cell division, etc.) Therefore, selectivity of herbicides is considerably lower, than that of fungicides, and herbicides cause considerably more severe stress on main crop than fungicides.

    This stress activity of herbicides (despite beneficial effects of weeds elimination) might lead to yield losses up to 50%. After herbicidal treatments, one can note delay in main culture growth, withering and yellowing of leaves, dramatic increase of plant sensitivity to diseases. In some cases, application of highly active herbicides or herbicide mixes leads to practically total suppression of plant growth, and only well timed rain or treatment with powerful antistressor are able to save the yield. Therefore, application of safeners (antidotes) in combination with herbicides has been becoming more and more widespread in recent time.

    Multiple field trials demonstrated that Albit relives stress effect of herbicides on plants. According to data of All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection and Orenburg State Agrarian University (2004, 2005), Albit decreases herbicidal stress on cereals by 5-38%, i.e. saves up to 30% of yield. According to calculations of All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection (2004), each rouble invested to application of Albit in combination with herbicides brings more than 5 roubles of profit.

    Albit can be used both together with herbicides (in mixture) and 1-5 days after herbicidal treatment (to relieve redundant herbicidal effect). High efficiency of combined application of Albit and herbicides was demonstrated on cereals and flax, whereas in cases of sugar beet and soybean Albit is used both together with herbicides and after herbicidal treatments.

    Separate application of Albit and herbicides is due to opinion of some specialists, who apprehend, that Albit might decrease efficiency of the herbicide. However, there are no experimental proofs of this suggestion. Albit stimulates wide range of metabolic reactions in plant cells; as a result, plants that are slightly suppressed by herbicide (main crop) overcome stress, while in considerably more suppressed weeds Albit intensifies processes of lysis and destruction, since these processes are more typically occurring there. Thus, Albit stimulates solely growth of weeds against which the herbicide is ineffective. This assumption was confirmed in tests of All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection (2004). If applied herbicide (or mix of herbicides) is effective against all available weed species, its combination with Albit will just increase herbicidal effect.

    Additional treatment with Albit after application of herbicides can be effective mainly for elimination of herbicide overdose consequences. Application rates of many modern herbicides, for example, metsulphurones and sulphonylurea–based ones, are quite small (several grams per hectare), that increases probability of overdosage. By using Albit, farmers managed to recover growth of sugar beet and soybean after ‘burning’ them with too high doses of herbicides in Voronezh, Tambov oblasts, and Krasnodar krai (2001-2003).

    There is also one interesting trial in Lipetsk oblast (Grachevskiy collective farm, 2004): Albit was applied on winter wheat together with herbicide, and one day after field was treated with Albit alone. In result, such double treatment with Albit provided yield increase of 10 centners/hectare over control, whereas herbicide/Albit treatment only provided just 4.5 centners/hectare. Obviously, such double treatment with Albit realizes its antistress activity most efficiently.

    Often, herbicidal stress leads to dramatic increase of plant sensitivity to leaf infections. Albit, applied together with herbicides, compensates stress effect of the herbicide and immunizes plants against diseases (powdery mildew, brown rust, different spots, etc.), that excludes necessity of additional fungicidal treatments. According to data of All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection (2004), All-Russia Flax Institute (2003), Agraricultural Scientific Institute of South-East (2004), Soil Institute and Kursk Regional Plant Protection Station (2001-2002), Vladimir Regional Plant Protection Station (2003) and others, application of Albit together with herbicides is able to considerably decrease following infestation of plants with leaf and stem infections, whose development is common event after treatment with pure herbicides.

    Application of Albit together with herbicides on cereals in EC stages 20-29 (for example, after winter hibernation of winter crops) relieves stress especially demonstrably. Plants, weakened with hibernation, herbicides, root rots, react on Albit treatment with dramatic yield increase. High effectiveness of such mode of treatment was demonstrated practically (in Zolotaya Niva LLC, Chapaev breeding farm OSC, Kuban cattle farm, Niva collective farm, trials of Kursk Regional Plant Protection Station), resulting in yield increase of up to 10 centners/hectare.

    According to conclusion of All-Russia Plant Protection Institute, application of Albit in mixes with herbicides is reasonable in biological and economical point of view, and must become a part of cultivation technology of cereals in central chernozem regions of Russia.

    By now, high efficiency of joint application of Albit with herbicides have been confirmed in multiple trials carried by All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, Agraricultural Scientific Institute of South-East, Krasnodar and Kursk Regional Plant Protection Stations, All-Russia Flax Institute, and in agricultural practice in Lipetsk, Oryol, Samara, Tula, Omsk, Rostov, Vladimir, Kursk, Tambov, Bryansk oblasts, Krasnodar and Stavropol krai, Republic of Mordovia on different cultures: (cereals, flax, sugar beet, soybean). Albi can be efficiently combined with herbicides based on chlorsulfuron, dicamba, mephenpyr-diethyl, amidsulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, triasulfuron, 2.4-D, tribenuron-methyl, florasulam, metsulfuron-methyl, carfentrazone-ethyl, quizalofop-p-tefuryl, triadimefon, desmedipham, phenmedipham, ethofumesate, tralcoxidym and others (data of 105 field trials). Basing on obtained data, one can recommend Albit to extensive use in agricultural practice.

    Results of field trials on joint application of Albit and herbicides are summarized in the following table:

    Table 2. Results of field trials on combination of Albit with herbicides
    Nr. Active ingredient of the herbicide(s) Application rate of the herbicide used in the experiment, L/hectare (kg/hectare) Crop Yield, centners/hectare Yield increase in Albit/herbicide treated set over herbicide only treated set.
    (antidote effect)    		 Source, year Comments
    herbicide herbicide + Albit centners/hectare %
    1. 2.4-D 1.6 millet 13.1 18.5 5.4 41 Agraricultural Scientific Institute of South-East, 2004  
    2. dicamba 0.225 spring wheat 8.4 8.9 0.5 6 Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2005  
    3. dicamba 0.03 spring wheat 7.8 8.6 0.8 10 Aleysk Agrochemical Service Station, 2004  
    4. dicamba + triasulfuron 0.225 + 0.006 spring wheat 7.9 8.3 0.4 5 Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2005  
    5. dicamba + triasulfuron 0.08 + 0.009 winter wheat 57 64.7 7.7 14 Essentuki-khleb OSC, 2005 var. Krasnodarskaya 99
    6. dicamba + triasulfuron 0.08 + 0.009 winter wheat 45.2 49.5 4.3 10 Essentuki-khleb OSC, 2005 var. Rufa
    7. desmedipham + phenmedipham + triflusulfuron-methyl + isodecyl alcohol ethoxylate + clopyralid 1.5 + 0.03 + 0.2 + 0.12 sugar beet 368 397 29 7 Krasnodar Regional Plant Protection Station, 2006  
    8. desmedipham + phenmedipham + triflusulfuron-methyl + ethoxylate of isodecyl alcohol (surfactant) + clopyralid 1.5 + 0.03 + 0.2 + 0.12 sugar beet 461.1 499 37.9 8 Krasnodar Regional Plant Protection Station, 2006  
    9. desmedipham + phenmedipham + ethofumesate 1.5 + 2.5 sugar beet 383.9 418.5 34.6 9 All-Russia Institute of Sugar Beet And Sugar, 2006  
    10. 2.4-D + triasulfuron 0.5 spring wheat 9.2 10.1 0.9 10 Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2005  
    11. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.18 spring wheat 9.2 10.1 0.9 10 Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2005  
    12. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.16 spring wheat 7.6 8.4 0.8 11 Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2005  
    13. tribenuron-methyl 0.02 spring wheat 25.4 27.6 2.2 9 Central Scientific Institute of Agrochemical Service, 2001  
    14. tribenuron-methyl 0.02 winter wheat 41.7 52.5 10.8 26 Soil Institute, 2002  
    15. tribenuron-methyl 0.02 spring wheat 34.3 37.1 2.8 8 Soil Institute, 2002  
    16. tribenuron-methyl 0.02 spring barley 37.1 42 4.9 13 Soil Institute, 2002  
    17. tribenuron-methyl 0.01 spring barley 23.1 24.4 1.3 6 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2006 treatment in EC stages 20-29
    18. tribenuron-methyl 0.01 spring barley 23.1 24.7 1.6 7 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2006 treatment in EC stages 50-59
    19. tribenuron-methyl 0.01 spring barley 23.1 25.9 2.8 12 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2006 presowing seed treatment. treatment with Albit in EC stages 20-29 and 50-59
    20. tribenuron-methyl + dicamba 0.01 + 0.15 winter barley 54.9 62.1 7.2 13 Chapaev breeding farm OSC, 2005  
    21. metsulfuron-methyl 0.01 spring wheat 9.2 9.9 0.7 8 Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2005  
    22. metsulfuron-methyl + dicamba 0.15 spring wheat 8.8 9.2 0.4 5 Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2005  
    23. 2.4-D + dicamba 1 maize 38 47 9 24 Rossiya collective farm , 2005  
    24. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 winter wheat 32.4 34.8 2.4 7 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2005  
    25. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 winter wheat 32.4 35.4 3 9 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2005  
    26. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 winter wheat 32.4 36.6 4.2 13 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2005  
    27. 2.4-D + dicamba 1 spring barley 17.7 19.8 2.1 12 Rossiya collective farm , 2005  
    28. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 spring barley 45.1 56.4 11.3 25 Vlad imir Regional Plant Protection Station, 2003  
    29. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 spring barley 21.1 29.3 8.2 39 Vlad imir Regional Plant Protection Station, 2004  
    30. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 spring barley 33.7 37 3.3 10 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2005  
    31. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 spring barley 33.7 37.5 3.8 11 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2005  
    32. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 spring barley 33.7 36 2.3 7 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2005  
    33. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 spring barley 33.7 35.3 1.6 5 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2005  
    34. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 spring barley 33.7 35.8 2.1 6 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2005  
    35. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.6 spring barley 33.7 36 2.3 7 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2005  
    36. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.15 winter wheat 20.1 33.8 13.7 68 Luch LLC, 2005  
    37. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.2 winter wheat 45 49.2 4.2 9 Lukyanenko Agricultural Scientific Institute, 2004 wheat is also treated with lignohumate and NPK fertilizers
    38. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.2 winter wheat 48.1 52.8 4.7 10 Zolotaya Niva LLC, 2003  
    39. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.2 winter wheat 52.5 55.9 3.4 6 Rassvet Close Corporation, 2004  
    40. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.2 winter wheat 52.5 56.5 4 8 Rassvet Close Corporation, 2004  
    41. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.2 winter wheat 48.6 51.6 3 6 Lukyanenko Agricultural Scientific Institute, 2004 wheat is also treated with tebuconazole based fungicide, hydrohumate and NPK fertilizers
    42. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.2 winter wheat 36 38.4 2.4 7 Lukyanenko Agricultural Scientific Institute, 2004 wheat is also treated with hydrohumate
    43. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.2 spring barley 25.2 31 5.8 23 Tula Regional Plant Protection Station  
    44. haloxyfop-p-methyl 1 canola 36.2 37.9 1.7 5 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2006 canola is also treated with alpha-cypermethrin based insecticide
    45. triflusulfuron-methyl + clopyralid + desmedipham + phenmedipham 0.03 + 0.3 + 3 sugar beet 413 432 19 5 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2002  
    46. triflusulfuron-methyl + clopyralid + desmedipham + phenmedipham 0.03 + 0.3 + 3 sugar beet 413 439 26 6 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2002  
    47. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-tefuryl 0.005 + 1 flax 30 32 2 7 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2002 presowing seed treatment with Albit (0.05 kg/tonne)
    48. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-tefuryl 0.005 + 1 flax 32 34 2 6 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2002 presowing seed treatment with Albit and carboxin/thiram based fungicide
    49. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-tefuryl 0.005 + 1 flax 40 46 6 15 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2003 without presowing seed treatment
    50. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-tefuryl 0.005 + 1 flax 45 49 4 9 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2003 presowing seed treatment with carboxin/thiram based fungicide (2 kg/tonne)
    51. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-tefuryl 0.005 + 1 flax 45 50 5 11 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2003 presowing seed treatment with Albit (0.07 kg/tonne)
    52. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-tefuryl 0.005 + 1 flax 47 52 5 11 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2003 presowing seed treatment with carboxin/thiram based fungicide (1 kg/tonne)
    53. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-tefuryl 0.005 + 1 flax 43 48 5 12 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2003 without presowing seed treatment
    54. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-tefuryl 0.005 + 1 flax 45 52 7 16 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2003 presowing seed treatment with thiram based fungicide (4.5 kg/tonne)
    55. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-tefuryl 0.005 + 1 flax 47 54 7 15 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2003 presowing seed treatment with thiram based fungicide (3.0 kg/tonne)
    56. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 32 36 4 13 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2005 without presowing seed treatment
    57. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 37 42 5 14 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2005 presowing seed treatment with carboxin/thiram based fungicide
    58. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 38 42 4 11 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2005  
    59. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 40 44 4 10 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2005 presowing seed treatment with Albit (0.07 kg/tonne)
    60. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 40 43 3 8 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2005 presowing seed treatment with Albit (0.05 kg/tonne)
    61. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 41 46 5 12 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2005 presowing seed treatment with Albit + carboxin/thiram based fungicide
    62. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 42 44 2 5 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2005 without presowing seed treatment
    63. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 46 50 4 9 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2005 presowing seed treatment with Albit
    64. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 30 34 4 13 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2006 without presowing seed treatment
    65. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 34 42 8 24 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2006 presowing seed treatment with carboxin/thiram based fungicide
    66. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 35 42 7 20 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2006  
    67. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 38 43 5 13 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2006 presowing seed treatment with Albit (0.07 kg/tonne)
    68. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 39 43 4 10 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2006 presowing seed treatment with Albit (0.05 kg/tonne) + Na CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE
    69. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 40 45 5 13 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2006 presowing seed treatment with Albit + carboxin/thiram based fungicide
    70. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 44 48 4 9 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2006 without presowing seed treatment
    71. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 48 51 3 6 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2006 presowing seed treatment with Thiram based fungicide
    72. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 51 54 3 6 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2006 presowing seed treatment with albit + thiram based fungicide
    73. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 50 53 3 6 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2006 presowing seed treatment with Albit
    74. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 37 40 3 8 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2004 without presowing seed treatment
    75. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 39 43 4 10 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2004 presowing seed treatment with carboxin/thiram based fungicide (2 kg/tonne)
    76. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 40 46 6 15 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2004 presowing seed treatment with Albit (0.07 kg/tonne)
    77. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 41 47 6 15 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2004 presowing seed treatment with Albit (0.07 kg/tonne)
    78. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 41 46 5 12 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2004 presowing seed treatment with Albit (0.05 kg/tonne)
    79. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 42 48 6 14 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2004 presowing seed treatment with Albit (0.05 kg/tonne) + carboxin/thiram based fungicide (1 kg/tonne)
    80. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 42 46 4 10 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2004 without presowing seed treatment
    81. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 45 48 3 7 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2004 presowing seed treatment with thiram based fungicide (4.5 kg/tonne)
    82. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 48 51 3 6 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2004 presowing seed treatment with thiram based fungicide (3.0 kg/tonne)
    83. chlorsulfuron + quizalofop-p-ethyl 0.005 + 1.5 flax 46 50 4 9 All-Russia Flax Institute, 2004 presowing seed treatment with Albit
    84. dicamba + triasulfuron 0.13 winter wheat 29.9 49.4 19.5 65 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection (Moscow branch), 2005 yield was examined on 10 m 2 plots
    85. 2.4-D + tribenuron-methyl 0.3 + 0.012 winter wheat 53 58.8 5.8 11 Ulyanovets LLC, 2005 var. Ermak
    86. 2.4-D + tribenuron-methyl 0.3 + 0.012 winter wheat 56 65.8 9.8 18 Ulyanovets LLC, 2005 var. Lira
    87. 2.4-D + tribenuron-methyl 0.3 + 0.012 winter wheat 43 49 6 14 Ulyanovets LLC, 2005 var. Deya
    88. 2.4-D + metsulfuron-methyl 0.4 + 0.005 spring wheat 8.4 9.9 1.5 18 Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2005  
    89. quizalofop-p-tefuryl 1 sugar beet 381.9 399.8 17.9 5 All-Russia Institute of Sugar Beet And Sugar, 2006  
    90. 2.4-D + florasulam 0.6 winter barley 52 61.6 9.6 18 Yug Agrobiznes LLC, 2004  
    91. 2.4-D + florasulam 0.6 winter barley 52 61.9 9.9 19 Yug Agrobiznes LLC, 2004  
    92. 2.4-D + florasulam 0.6 winter barley 49 62 13 27 Chapaev breeding farm OSC, 2003  
    93. 2.4-D + florasulam + tralcoxidym 0.6 + 0.8 winter wheat 40.7 44.2 3.5 9 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2006  
    94. 2.4-D + florasulam + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + safener (mefenpyr-diethyl ) 0.6 + 0.8 spring barley 34.5 36.4 1.9 6 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2006  
    95. mephenpyr-diethyl + amidsulfuron + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 0.15 winter wheat 45 47.8 2.8 6 Krasnodar Regional Plant Protection Station, 2006 wheat is also treated with lambda-cyhalothrin based insecticide
    96. mephenpyr-diethyl + amidsulfuron + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 0.15 winter wheat 55.2 61.3 6.1 11 Krasnodar Regional Plant Protection Station, 2006 second foliar spraying: Albit combined with triadimenol + triadimefon based fungicide
    97. mephenpyr-diethyl + amidsulfuron + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 0.15 winter wheat 55.2 60.1 4.9 9 Krasnodar Regional Plant Protection Station, 2006 second foliar spraying: Albit combined with lambda-cyhalothrin based insecticide
    98. mephenpyr-diethyl + amidsulfuron + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 0.15 spring wheat 7.4 7.8 0.4 5 Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2005  
    99. 2.4-D, clopyralid 0.8 spring wheat 8.4 10.3 1.9 23 Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2005  
    100. trifluralin 6 onion 170 200 30 18 Frarm of Kim V.A., 2006  
    101. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.2 spring barley 30.7 32.4 1.7 6 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2004  
    102. dicamba + chlorsulfuron 0.3 spring barley 29 32.1 3.1 11 All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, 2004  
    103. fluazifop-p-butyl 1.5 sugar beet 265 282 17 6 Tula Regional Plant Protection Station  
    104. fluazifop-p-butyl 1.5 sugar beet 265 289 24 9 Tula Regional Plant Protection Station  
    105. 2.4-D + dicamba 0.7 spring barley 39.2 42.3 3.1 8 Kushchevskoye Agricultural and Scientific Closed Corporation, 2004  

     

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    NOTICE: Recommended retail price of Albit inside Russia is 2200-2500 Russian Rubles per liter (approx. 88-100 US dollars). All calculations concerning cost of application and economic efficacy of Albit on this website are made based on the domestic price of 2200 Rubles/liter, with 1 US Dollar taken for ca. 25 Russian Rubles (exchange rate of mid-2008). Recommended prices of Albit in other countries depend on customs/transportation costs, and range approximately between 100 US Dollars and 100 Euros per liter. Actual prices are set by the local dealers.

    		  

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